Traction stress in focal adhesions correlates biphasically with actin retrograde flow speed

• Verfasst von: Gardel, Margaret L. [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Sabass, Benedikt [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Schwarz, Ulrich S. [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Traction stress in focal adhesions correlates biphasically with actin retrograde flow speed
• Verf.angabe: Margaret L. Gardel, Benedikt Sabass, Lin Ji, Gaudenz Danuser, Ulrich S. Schwarz, and Clare M. Waterman
• Jahr: 2008
• Umfang: 7 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 08.12.2017
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: The journal of cell biology
• Ort Quelle: New York, NY : Rockefeller Univ. Press, 1962
• Jahr Quelle: 2008
• Band/Heft Quelle: 183(2008), 6, Seite 999-1005
• ISSN Quelle: 1540-8140
• DOI: doi:10.1083/jcb.200810060
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• K10plus-PPN: 156618438X

Abstract

How focal adhesions (FAs) convert retrograde filamentous actin (F-actin) flow into traction stress on the extracellular matrix to drive cell migration is unknown. Using combined traction force and fluorescent speckle microscopy, we observed a robust biphasic relationship between F-actin speed and traction force. F-actin speed is inversely related to traction stress near the cell edge where FAs are formed and F-actin motion is rapid. In contrast, larger FAs where the F-actin speed is low are marked by a direct relationship between F-actin speed and traction stress. We found that the biphasic switch is determined by a threshold F-actin speed of 8-10 nm/s, independent of changes in FA protein density, age, stress magnitude, assembly/disassembly status, or subcellular position induced by pleiotropic perturbations to Rho family guanosine triphosphatase signaling and myosin II activity. Thus, F-actin speed is a fundamental regulator of traction force at FAs during cell migration.