Is smoking a risk factor for tinnitus?

• Verfasst von: Veile, Annette [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Zimmermann, Heiko [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Lorenz, Eva [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Becher, Heiko [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Is smoking a risk factor for tinnitus?
• Titelzusatz: a systematic review, meta-analysis and estimation of the population attributable risk in Germany
• Verf.angabe: Annette Veile, Heiko Zimmermann, Eva Lorenz, Heiko Becher
• E-Jahr: 2018
• Jahr: 22 February 2018
• Umfang: 13 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 22.03.2018
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: BMJ open
• Ort Quelle: London : BMJ Publishing Group, 2011
• Jahr Quelle: 2018
• Band/Heft Quelle: 8(2018,2) Artikel-Nummer e016589, 13 Seiten
• ISSN Quelle: 2044-6055
• DOI: doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016589
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: epidemiology
• Sach-SW: otolaryngology
• Sach-SW: preventive medicine
• Sach-SW: substance misuse
• Sach-SW: toxicology
• K10plus-PPN: 1571328491
• K10plus-PPN:
  Universitätsbibliothek
• Lokale URL UB: Zum Volltext

Abstract

Objective To assess the epidemiological association of smoking status and tinnitus with a systematic review and meta-analysis and to estimate the population attributable risk in Germany. Data sources A systematic literature search in PubMed and ISI-Web of Science Core Collection resulted in 1026 articles that were indexed until 15 September 2015. Additionally, proceedings of the international tinnitus seminars and reference lists of relevant articles were screened. Study selection Two reviewers searched independently for epidemiological studies. Tinnitus as a manifestation of tumours, vascular malformations, specific syndromes or as a consequence of surgical and medical treatment was not considered. Moreover, studies conducted among patients of ear, nose and throat clinics were excluded. Data extraction If only raw data were provided, effect sizes were calculated. Further unpublished data were received by corresponding authors. Data synthesis Data of 20 studies were pooled. Current smoking (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.09 to 1.35), former smoking (OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.26) and ever smoking (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.30) were significantly associated with tinnitus. Moreover, sensitivity analyses for severe tinnitus (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.58) and for studies of superior quality (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.29) showed increased risks. According to this, the population attributable risk estimate in Germany is 3.5%. Conclusion There is sufficient evidence that smoking is associated with tinnitus. As the review mainly consists of cross-sectional studies, the observed correlation does not give evidence of a causal relationship. Due to the impact of various confounders, further research is needed to provide more evidence on the strength of association and causal relationships.