Age-dependent and -independent changes in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during spatial working memory performance

• Verfasst von: Bollmann, Steffen [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Brandeis, Daniel [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Age-dependent and -independent changes in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) during spatial working memory performance
• Verf.angabe: Steffen Bollmann, Carmen Ghisleni, Simon-Shlomo Poil, Ernst Martin, Juliane Ball, Dominique Eich-Höchli, Peter Klaver, Ruth L. O'Gorman, Lars Michels, Daniel Brandeis
• Jahr: 2017
• Jahr des Originals: 2015
• Umfang: 12 S.
• Fussnoten: Published online: 16 Dec 2015 ; Gesehen am 04.04.2018
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: The world journal of biological psychiatry
• Ort Quelle: Abingdon : Taylor & Francis Group, 2000
• Jahr Quelle: 2017
• Band/Heft Quelle: 18(2017), 4, Seite 279-290
• ISSN Quelle: 1814-1412
• DOI: doi:10.3109/15622975.2015.1112034
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: ADHD
• Sach-SW: basal ganglia
• Sach-SW: functional magnetic resonance imaging
• Sach-SW: prefrontal cortex
• Sach-SW: spatial working memory
• K10plus-PPN: 157169305X

Abstract

Objectives: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with spatial working memory as well as frontostriatal core deficits. However, it is still unclear how the link between these frontostriatal deficits and working memory function in ADHD differs in children and adults. This study examined spatial working memory in adults and children with ADHD, focussing on identifying regions demonstrating age-invariant or age-dependent abnormalities. Methods: We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine a group of 26 children and 35 adults to study load manipulated spatial working memory in patients and controls. Results: In comparison to healthy controls, patients demonstrated reduced positive parietal and frontostriatal load effects, i.e., less increase in brain activity from low to high load, despite similar task performance. In addition, younger patients showed negative load effects, i.e., a decrease in brain activity from low to high load, in medial prefrontal regions. Load effect differences between ADHD and controls that differed between age groups were found predominantly in prefrontal regions. Age-invariant load effect differences occurred predominantly in frontostriatal regions. Conclusions: The age-dependent deviations support the role of prefrontal maturation and compensation in ADHD, while the age-invariant alterations observed in frontostriatal regions provide further evidence that these regions reflect a core pathophysiology in ADHD.