A neurophysiological marker of impaired preparation in an 11-year follow-up study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

• Verfasst von: Döhnert, Mirko [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Brandeis, Daniel [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: A neurophysiological marker of impaired preparation in an 11-year follow-up study of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
• Verf.angabe: Mirko Doehnert, Daniel Brandeis, Gudrun Schneider, Renate Drechsler and Hans-Christoph Steinhausen
• Jahr: 2013
• Jahr des Originals: 2012
• Umfang: 11 S.
• Fussnoten: First published: 13 July 2012 ; Gesehen am 20.06.2016
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: The journal of child psychology and psychiatry
• Ort Quelle: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell, 1960
• Jahr Quelle: 2013
• Band/Heft Quelle: 54(2013), 3, Seite 260-270
• ISSN Quelle: 1469-7610
• DOI: doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02572.x
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: ADHD
• Sach-SW: CNV
• Sach-SW: CPT
• Sach-SW: developmental lag
• Sach-SW: RT-SD
• K10plus-PPN: 1576582795

Abstract

Background: This longitudinal electrophysiological study investigated the course of multiple impaired cognitive brain functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from childhood to adulthood by comparing developmental trajectories of individuals with ADHD and typically developing controls. Methods: Subjects with ADHD (N = 11) and normal controls (N = 12) diagnosed in childhood [mean age ADHD/CTRL = 10.9 years [SD 1.72]/10.0 years (SD 1.03)] were followed up after 1.1 and 2.4 years, and as young adults [ADHD/CTRL: 21.9 years (SD 1.46)/21.1 years (SD 1.29)]. At all four times, event-related potential (ERP) maps were recorded during a cued continuous performance test (CPT). We focused on residual deficits as adults, and on developmental trajectories (time and time × group effects) for CPT performance and attentional (Cue P300), preparatory (CNV: contingent negative variation) and inhibitory (NoGo P300) ERP components. Results: All ERP components developed without significant time × group interactions. Only the CNV remained reduced in the ADHD group, although 8/11 individuals no longer met a full ADHD diagnosis as adults. Cue P300 and NoGo P300 group differences became nonsignificant in early adulthood. The CNV parameters correlated with reaction time (RT) and RT-SD. Perceptual sensitivity improved and the groups’ trajectories converged with development, while RT-SD continued to be elevated in adult ADHD subjects. Conclusions: Attentional and preparatory deficits in ADHD continue into adulthood, and the attenuated CNV appears to reflect a particularly stable ADHD marker. Although some deficit reductions may have gone undetected due to small sample size, the findings challenge those developmental lag models postulating that most ADHD-related deficits become negligible with brain maturation.