Brain regions related to impulsivity mediate the effects of early adversity on antisocial behavior

• Verfasst von: Mackey, Scott [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Banaschewski, Tobias [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Flor, Herta [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Poustka, Luise [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Brain regions related to impulsivity mediate the effects of early adversity on antisocial behavior
• Verf.angabe: Scott Mackey, Bader Chaarani, Kees-Jan Kan, Philip A. Spechler, Catherine Orr, Tobias Banaschewski, Gareth Barker, Arun L.W. Bokde, Uli Bromberg, Christian Büchel, Anna Cattrell, Patricia J. Conrod, Sylvane Desrivières, Herta Flor, Vincent Frouin, Jürgen Gallinat, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Bernd Ittermann, Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot, Eric Artiges, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos-Orfanos, Luise Poustka, Michael N. Smolka, Sarah Jurk, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann, Robert R. Althoff, Hugh Garavan, and The IMAGEN Consortium
• Jahr: 2017
• Jahr des Originals: 2016
• Umfang: 8 S.
• Fussnoten: Available online 18 January 2016 ; Gesehen am 09.07.2018
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Biological psychiatry
• Ort Quelle: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1985
• Jahr Quelle: 2017
• Band/Heft Quelle: 82(2017), 4, Seite 275-282
• ISSN Quelle: 1873-2402
• DOI: doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.12.027
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Adversity
• Sach-SW: Antisocial behavior
• Sach-SW: Development
• Sach-SW: Impulsivity
• Sach-SW: Temporal discounting
• Sach-SW: Voxel-based morphometry
• K10plus-PPN: 1577428005

Abstract

Background: Individual differences in impulsivity and early adversity are known to be strong predictors of adolescent antisocial behavior. However, the neurobiological bases of impulsivity and their relation to antisocial behavior and adversity are poorly understood. Methods: Impulsivity was estimated with a temporal discounting task. Voxel-based morphometry was used to determine the brain structural correlates of temporal discounting in a large cohort (n = 1830) of 14- to 15-year-old children. Mediation analysis was then used to determine whether the volumes of brain regions associated with temporal discounting mediate the relation between adverse life events (e.g., family conflict, serious accidents) and antisocial behaviors (e.g., precocious sexual activity, bullying, illicit substance use). Results: Greater temporal discounting (more impulsivity) was associated with 1) lower volume in frontomedial cortex and bilateral insula and 2) greater volume in a subcortical region encompassing the ventral striatum, hypothalamus and anterior thalamus. The volume ratio between these cortical and subcortical regions was found to partially mediate the relation between adverse life events and antisocial behavior. Conclusions: Temporal discounting is related to regions of the brain involved in reward processing and interoception. The results support a developmental imbalance model of impulsivity and are consistent with the idea that negative environmental factors can alter the developing brain in ways that promote antisocial behavior.