Effects of dexamphetamine with and without alcohol on simulated driving

• Verfasst von: Simons, Ries [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Effects of dexamphetamine with and without alcohol on simulated driving
• Mitwirkende: Skopp, Gisela
• Verf.angabe: Ries Simons, Marieke Martens, Jan Ramaekers, Arno Krul, Ineke Klöpping-Ketelaars, Gisela Skopp
• Jahr: 2012
• Jahr des Originals: 2011
• Umfang: 9 S.
• Teil: volume:222
• Teil: year:2012
• Teil: number:3
• Teil: pages:391-399
• Teil: extent:9
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 17.10.2018 ; Published online: 11 November 2011
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Psychopharmacology
• Ort Quelle: Berlin : Springer, 1959
• Jahr Quelle: 2012
• Band/Heft Quelle: 222(2012), 3, Seite 391-399
• ISSN Quelle: 1432-2072
• DOI: doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2549-0
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Alcohol
• Sach-SW: Alertness
• Sach-SW: Dexamphetamine
• Sach-SW: Driving performance
• Sach-SW: Gap acceptance
• Sach-SW: SDLP
• K10plus-PPN: 1582034001

Abstract

RationaleIn party circuits dexamphetamine is frequently used in combination with alcohol. It is hypothesized that co-administration of dexamphetamine to alcohol might reduce the sedative effects of alcohol, but may potentiate risk-taking behaviour.ObjectivesThe study was aimed at assessing the effects of alcohol, dexamphetamine and the combination of both on simulated driving and cognitive performance.MethodEighteen subjects participated in a randomized, crossover, placebo-controlled study employing four conditions: 10 mg dexamphetamine, 0.8 g/kg alcohol, 10 mg dexamphetamine + 0.8 g/kg alcohol, and placebo. Fundamental driving skills and risk-taking behaviour were assessed in a driving simulator. Subjects also completed vigilance and divided attention tasks, and subjective ratings.ResultsMean BAC levels during simulated driving were between 0.91‰ and 0.64‰. Subjects using alcohol showed a significantly larger mean standard deviation of lateral position and shorter accepted gap time and distance. Use of alcohol or dexamphetamine + alcohol was associated with a higher frequency of red light running and collisions than the dexamphetamine or placebo conditions. Performance of vigilance and divided attention tasks was significantly impaired in the alcohol condition and, to a lesser degree, in the dexamphetamine + alcohol condition.ConclusionSingle doses of 0.8 g/kg alcohol increased risk-taking behaviours and impaired tracking, attention and reaction time during a 3-h period after drinking when BACs declined from 0.9 to 0.2 mg/ml. The stimulatory effects of co-administration of dexamphetamine 10 mg were not sufficient to overcome the impairing effects of alcohol on skills related to driving.