Kinetic theory of non-thermal fixed points in a Bose gas

• Verfasst von: Chantesana, Isara [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Piñeiro Orioli, Asier [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Gasenzer, Thomas [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Kinetic theory of non-thermal fixed points in a Bose gas
• Verf.angabe: Isara Chantesana, Asier Piñeiro Orioli, and Thomas Gasenzer
• E-Jahr: 2019
• Jahr: 19 April 2019
• Umfang: 46 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 09.05.2019
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Physical review
• Ort Quelle: Woodbury, NY : Inst., 2016
• Jahr Quelle: 2019
• Band/Heft Quelle: 99(2019,4) Artikel-Nummer 043620, 46 Seiten
• ISSN Quelle: 2469-9934
• DOI: doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.99.043620
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
• Sach-SW: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
• Sach-SW: Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
• Sach-SW: Physics - Fluid Dynamics
• K10plus-PPN: 1665083662

Abstract

We outline a kinetic theory of non-thermal fixed points for the example of a dilute Bose gas, partially reviewing results obtained earlier, thereby extending, complementing, generalizing and straightening them out. We study universal dynamics after a cooling quench, focusing on situations where the time evolution represents a pure rescaling of spatial correlations, with time defining the scale parameter. The non-equilibrium initial condition set by the quench induces a redistribution of particles in momentum space. Depending on conservation laws, this can take the form of a wave-turbulent flux or of a more general self-similar evolution, signaling the critically slowed approach to a non-thermal fixed point. We identify such fixed points using a non-perturbative kinetic theory of collective scattering between highly occupied long-wavelength modes. In contrast, a wave-turbulent flux, possible in the perturbative Boltzmann regime, builds up in a critically accelerated self-similar manner. A key result is the simple analytical universal scaling form of the non-perturbative many-body scattering matrix, for which we lay out the concrete conditions under which it applies. We derive the scaling exponents for the time evolution as well as for the power-law tail of the momentum distribution function, for a general dynamical critical exponent $z$ and an anomalous scaling dimension $\eta$. The approach of the non-thermal fixed point is, in particular, found to involve a rescaling of momenta in time $t$ by $t^{\beta}$, with $\beta=1/z$, within our kinetic approach independent of $\eta$. We confirm our analytical predictions by numerically evaluating the kinetic scattering integral as well as the non-perturbative many-body coupling function. As a side result we obtain a possible finite-size interpretation of wave-turbulent scaling recently measured by Navon et al.