WHO 2016 classification

• Verfasst von: Sahm, Felix [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Reuss, David [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Giannini, Caterina [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: WHO 2016 classification
• Titelzusatz: changes and advancements in the diagnosis of miscellaneous primary CNS tumours
• Verf.angabe: F. Sahm, D.E. Reuss and C. Giannini
• Jahr: 2018
• Jahr des Originals: 2017
• Umfang: 9 S.
• Fussnoten: First published: 12 March 2017 ; Gesehen am 14.05.2019
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Neuropathology & applied neurobiology
• Ort Quelle: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell, 1975
• Jahr Quelle: 2018
• Band/Heft Quelle: 44(2018), 2, Seite 163-171
• ISSN Quelle: 1365-2990
• DOI: doi:10.1111/nan.12397
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: craniopharyngioma
• Sach-SW: histiocytosis
• Sach-SW: melanocytic tumours
• Sach-SW: meningioma
• Sach-SW: peripheral nerve sheath tumours
• Sach-SW: pituitary tumours
• Sach-SW: solitary fibrous tumour/haemangiopericytoma
• Sach-SW: WHO classification
• K10plus-PPN: 1665454377

Abstract

This short review highlights significant changes and recent findings incorporated to varying extent in the WHO 2016 definition of a variety of tumours, including peripheral nerve sheath tumours, meningiomas, mesenchymal nonmeningothelial tumours, melanocytic tumours, lymphomas and histiocytic tumours, germ cell tumours and non-neuroendocrine pituitary tumours. Most notable classification changes include: adding ‘hybrid nerve sheath tumours’ to the spectrum of benign nerve sheath tumours; an updated definition of atypical meningioma (WHO grade II), including cases with brain invasion; recognizing dural solitary fibrous tumour (SFT) and haemangiopericytoma (HPC) as a single tumour entity characterized by NAB2 and STAT6 gene fusions for which the term SFT/HPC was chosen; recognizing that pituitary granular cell tumour, spindle cell oncocytoma, and pituicytoma all share nuclear expression of TTF-1, possibly representing a spectrum of a single nosological entity derived from posterior pituitary glial cells. The most significant diagnostic markers which have emerged include: inactivation of NF1, CDKN2A, and PRC2 components, SUZ12 and EED in MPNST, leading to neurofibromin and H3K27me3 expression loss; GNAQ and GNA11 mutations in CNS primary melanocytic tumours; BRAFV600E mutation in histiocytic tumours (Langerhans cell histiocytosis and Erdheim-Chester disease) and papillary craniopharyngioma, which provides both a diagnostic marker in the appropriate pathological setting and a therapeutic target. The WHO 2016 Classification has balanced cutting-edge knowledge on the molecular characteristics of the miscellaneous CNS tumours reviewed here with a practical approach for their daily diagnostic work-up. Much more progress can be expected in the classification of these neoplasms in the near future.