Delay discounting and response disinhibition under acute experimental stress in women with borderline personality disorder and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

• Verfasst von: Krause-Utz, Annegret [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Sobanski, Esther [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Bohus, Martin [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Ende, Gabriele [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Schmahl, Christian [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Delay discounting and response disinhibition under acute experimental stress in women with borderline personality disorder and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
• Verf.angabe: A. Krause-Utz, S. Cackowski, S. Daffner, Esther Sobanski, Michael M. Plichta, M. Bohus, G. Ende and C. Schmahl
• E-Jahr: 2016
• Jahr: 30 August 2016
• Umfang: 13 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 29.05.2019
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Psychological medicine
• Ort Quelle: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1970
• Jahr Quelle: 2016
• Band/Heft Quelle: 46(2016), 15, Seite 3137-3149
• ISSN Quelle: 1469-8978
• DOI: doi:10.1017/S0033291716001677
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
• Sach-SW: borderline personality disorder
• Sach-SW: delay discounting
• Sach-SW: impulsivity
• Sach-SW: response inhibition
• Sach-SW: stress
• K10plus-PPN: 1666533912

Abstract

Background - Impulsivity is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In BPD, impulsive behavior primarily occurs under acute stress; impulse control deficits under non-stress conditions may be partly related to co-morbid ADHD. We aimed to investigate whether acute experimental stress has an impact on self-reported impulsivity, response inhibition (action withholding, action cancelation) and delay discounting in BPD compared to ADHD. - - - Method - Thirty female BPD patients, 28 female ADHD patients (excluding patients with co-morbid BPD and ADHD), and 30 female healthy controls (HC) completed self-reports and behavioral measures of impulsivity (IMT, assessing action withholding; GoStop, measuring action cancelation, Delay Discounting Task) under baseline conditions and after an experimental stress induction (Mannheim Multicomponent Stress Test). - - - Results - Both patient groups reported higher impulsivity than HC, ADHD reported higher trait impulsivity than BPD. On the IMT, ADHD showed significant action-withholding deficits under both conditions, while BPD performed significantly worse than HC under stress. In BPD but not ADHD and HC, action-withholding deficits (IMT) were significantly increased under stress compared to baseline, while no group/stress effects were found for action cancelation (GoStop). Delay discounting was significantly more pronounced in BPD than in HC (no stress effect was found). - - - Conclusions - In BPD, behavioral deficits in action withholding (but not in action cancelation) appear to be influenced by acute experimental stress. Delay discounting seems to be a general feature of BPD, independent of co-morbid ADHD and acute stress, possibly underlying typical expressions of behavioral impulsivity in the disorder.