Impairments in error processing and their association with ADHD symptoms in individuals born preterm

• Verfasst von: Rommel, Anna-Sophie [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Banaschewski, Tobias [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Brandeis, Daniel [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Impairments in error processing and their association with ADHD symptoms in individuals born preterm
• Verf.angabe: Anna-Sophie Rommel, Sarah-Naomi James, Gráinne McLoughlin, Giorgia Michelini, Tobias Banaschewski, Daniel Brandeis, Philip Asherson, Jonna Kuntsi
• E-Jahr: 2019
• Jahr: April 11, 2019
• Umfang: 15 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 03.06.2019
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: PLOS ONE
• Ort Quelle: San Francisco, California, US : PLOS, 2006
• Jahr Quelle: 2019
• Band/Heft Quelle: 14(2019,4) Artikel-Nummer e0214864, 15 Seiten
• ISSN Quelle: 1932-6203
• DOI: doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0214864
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: ADHD
• Sach-SW: Cognition
• Sach-SW: Cognitive impairment
• Sach-SW: Cognitive neurology
• Sach-SW: Cognitive psychology
• Sach-SW: Event-related potentials
• Sach-SW: Neurophysiology
• Sach-SW: Preterm birth
• K10plus-PPN: 1666601896

Abstract

Preterm birth is associated with heightened risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms and neurocognitive impairments, including impairments in performance monitoring. Here, we investigate the cognitive and neurophysiological processes from a performance-monitoring task in preterm-born adolescents and examine whether these processes in preterm-born adolescents reflect identical neurophysiological impairments to those observed in term-born adolescents with ADHD. We compared 186 preterm-born individuals to 69 term-born individuals with ADHD and 135 term-born controls on cognitive-performance measures and event-related potentials (ERPs) of conflict monitoring (N2) and error processing (ERN, Pe) from a flanker task. Preterm-born adolescents demonstrated reduced N2, ERN and Pe amplitudes, compared to controls, and similar ERN and Pe impairments to term-born adolescents with ADHD. While ADHD symptoms correlated with ERN amplitude at FCz among the preterm-born, ERN amplitude at Fz, N2 and Pe amplitude were not associated with ADHD symptoms. Preterm-born individuals show impairments on neurophysiological indices of conflict monitoring (N2) and error processing (ERN and Pe). Early neurophysiological error processing may be a marker underlying the processes linked to the increased risk for ADHD among preterm-born individuals. Error detection processes are malleable and potential targets for non-pharmacological interventions. Preterm-born individuals are likely to benefit from early interventions.