Associations of pineal volume, chronotype and symptom severity in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls

• Verfasst von: Bumb, Jan Malte [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Nölte, Ingo [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Schredl, Michael [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Kirsch, Peter [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Leweke, F. Markus [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Sobanski, Esther [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Associations of pineal volume, chronotype and symptom severity in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and healthy controls
• Verf.angabe: Jan Malte Bumb, Daniela Mier, Ingo Noelte, Michael Schredl, Peter Kirsch, Oliver Hennig, Luisa Liebrich, Sabrina Fenske, Barbara Alm, Carina Sauer, Franz Markus Leweke, Esther Sobanski
• E-Jahr: 2016
• Jahr: July 2016
• Umfang: 8 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 05.07.2019
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: European neuropsychopharmacology
• Ort Quelle: Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1990
• Jahr Quelle: 2016
• Band/Heft Quelle: 26(2016), 7, Seite 1119-1126
• ISSN Quelle: 1873-7862
• DOI: doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.03.016
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Eveningness
• Sach-SW: Melatonin
• Sach-SW: MEQ
• Sach-SW: Morningness
• Sach-SW: MPRAGE
• Sach-SW: MRI
• K10plus-PPN: 1668675021

Abstract

The pineal gland, as part of the human epithalamus, is the main production site of peripheral melatonin, which promotes the modulation of sleep patterns, circadian rhythms and circadian preferences (morningness vs. eveningness). The present study analyses the pineal gland volume (PGV) and its association with circadian preferences and symptom severity in adult ADHD patients compared to healthy controls. PGV was determined manually using high-resolution 3T MRI (T1-magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo) in medication free adult ADHD patients (N=74) compared to healthy controls (N=86). Moreover, the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the ADHD Diagnostic Checklist and the Wender-Utah Rating Scale were conducted. PGV differed between both groups (patients: 59.9±33.8mm3; healthy controls: 71.4±27.2mm3, P=0.04). In ADHD patients, more eveningness types were revealed (patients: 29%; healthy controls: 17%; P=0.05) and sum scores of the MEQ were lower (patients: 45.8±11.5; healthy controls 67.2±10.1; P<0.001). Multiple regression analyses indicated a positive correlation of PGV and MEQ scores in ADHD (β=0.856, P=0.003) but not in healthy controls (β=0.054, P=0.688). Patients’ MEQ scores (β=−0.473, P=0.003) were negatively correlated to ADHD symptoms. The present results suggest a linkage between the PGV and circadian preference in adults with ADHD and an association of the circadian preference to symptom severity. This may facilitate the development of new chronobiological treatment approaches for the add-on treatment in ADHD.