Circulating cKIT and PDGFRA DNA indicates disease activity in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)

• Verfasst von: Jilg, Stefanie [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Gaiser, Timo [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Hohenberger, Peter [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Circulating cKIT and PDGFRA DNA indicates disease activity in gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST)
• Verf.angabe: Stefanie Jilg, Michael Rassner, Jacqueline Maier, Silvia Waldeck, Victoria Kehl, Marie Follo, Ulrike Philipp, Andreas Sauter, Katja Specht, Jan Mitschke, Thoralf Lange, Sebastian Bauer, Philipp J. Jost, Christian Peschel, Justus Duyster, Timo Gaiser, Peter Hohenberger and Nikolas von Bubnoff
• E-Jahr: 2019
• Jahr: Online 18 Mar 2019
• Umfang: 13 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 21.10.2019
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: International journal of cancer
• Ort Quelle: Bognor Regis : Wiley-Liss, 1966
• Jahr Quelle: 2019
• Band/Heft Quelle: 145(2019), 8, Seite 2292-2303
• ISSN Quelle: 1097-0215
• DOI: doi:10.1002/ijc.32282
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: cancer biomarker
• Sach-SW: circulating tumor DNA
• Sach-SW: GIST
• Sach-SW: liquid biopsy
• K10plus-PPN: 1679249428

Abstract

This prospective trial aimed to investigate whether tumor-specific cKIT and PDGFRA mutations can be detected and quantified in circulating tumor (ct)DNA in patients with active GIST, and whether detection indicates disease activity. We included 25 patients with active disease and cKIT or PDGFRA mutations detected in tissue. Mutant ctDNA was detected in the peripheral blood plasma using allele-specific ligation (L-)PCR and droplet digital (d)PCR. CtDNA harboring tumor-specific cKIT or PDGFRA mutations was detected at least once in 16 out of 25 patients using L-PCR (64%) and in 20 out of 25 patients with dPCR (80%). Using dPCR, the absolute numbers of ctDNA fragments (DNA copies/ml) and the mutant allele frequency (MAF; in percent of wild-type control) strongly correlated with tumor size expressed as RECIST1.1 sum of diameter (SOD) in mm (ρ = 0.3719 and 0.408, respectively, p < 0.0001) and response status (ρ = 0.3939 and 0.392, respectively, p < 0.0001 and p < 0.001). Specificity of dPCR for detection of progression was 79.2% with a sensitivity of 55.2% and dPCR discriminated CR from active disease with a specificity of 96% and s sensitivity of 44.7%. With L-PCR, correlations of MAF with tumor size and response status were less prominent. Serial ctDNA measurement reflected individual disease courses over time. Targeted panel sequencing of four patients detected additional driver mutations in all cases and secondary resistance mutations in two cases. Thus, ctDNA indicates disease activity in patients with GIST and should be incorporated as companion biomarker in future prospective trials.