Long-term use of everolimus in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex

• Verfasst von: Franz, David N. [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Belousova, Elena [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Sparagana, Steven [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Bebin, E. Martina [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Frost, Michael D. [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Kuperman, Rachel [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Witt, Olaf [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Kohrman, Michael H. [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Flamini, J. Robert [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Wu, Joyce Y. [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Curatolo, Paolo [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Vries, Petrus J. de [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Berkowitz, Noah [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Niolat, Julie [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Jóźwiak, Sergiusz [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Long-term use of everolimus in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex
• Titelzusatz: final results from the EXIST-1 study
• Verf.angabe: David N. Franz, Elena Belousova, Steven Sparagana, E. Martina Bebin, Michael D. Frost, Rachel Kuperman, Olaf Witt, Michael H. Kohrman, J. Robert Flamini, Joyce Y. Wu, Paolo Curatolo, Petrus J. de Vries, Noah Berkowitz, Julie Niolat, Sergiusz Jóźwiak
• E-Jahr: 2016
• Jahr: June 28, 2016
• Umfang: 13 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 25.05.2020
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: PLOS ONE
• Ort Quelle: San Francisco, California, US : PLOS, 2006
• Jahr Quelle: 2016
• Band/Heft Quelle: 11(2016,6) Artikel-Nummer e0158476, 13 Seiten
• ISSN Quelle: 1932-6203
• DOI: doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0158476
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Adverse events
• Sach-SW: Cancer treatment
• Sach-SW: Hydrocephalus
• Sach-SW: Lesions
• Sach-SW: Mouth
• Sach-SW: Pneumonia
• Sach-SW: Radiology and imaging
• Sach-SW: Tuberous sclerosis
• K10plus-PPN: 1698723342

Abstract

Background Everolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy in treating subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGAs) and other manifestations of tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). However, long-term use of mTOR inhibitors might be necessary. This analysis explored long-term efficacy and safety of everolimus from the conclusion of the EXIST-1 study (NCT00789828). Methods and Findings EXIST-1 was an international, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial examining everolimus in patients with new or growing TSC-related SEGA. After a double-blind core phase, all remaining patients could receive everolimus in a long-term, open-label extension. Everolimus was initiated at a dose (4.5 mg/m2/day) titrated to a target blood trough of 5-15 ng/mL. SEGA response rate (primary end point) was defined as the proportion of patients achieving confirmed ≥50% reduction in the sum volume of target SEGA lesions from baseline in the absence of worsening nontarget SEGA lesions, new target SEGA lesions, and new or worsening hydrocephalus. Of 111 patients (median age, 9.5 years) who received ≥1 dose of everolimus (median duration, 47.1 months), 57.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 47.9-67.0) achieved SEGA response. Of 41 patients with target renal angiomyolipomas at baseline, 30 (73.2%) achieved renal angiomyolipoma response. In 105 patients with ≥1 skin lesion at baseline, skin lesion response rate was 58.1%. Incidence of adverse events (AEs) was comparable with that of previous reports, and occurrence of emergent AEs generally decreased over time. The most common AEs (≥30% incidence) suspected to be treatment-related were stomatitis (43.2%) and mouth ulceration (32.4%). Conclusions Everolimus use led to sustained reduction in tumor volume, and new responses were observed for SEGA and renal angiomyolipoma from the blinded core phase of the study. These findings support the hypothesis that everolimus can safely reverse multisystem manifestations of TSC in a significant proportion of patients. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00789828