Enhanced memory for negative social information in borderline personality disorder

• Verfasst von: Niedtfeld, Inga [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Renkewitz, Frank [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Mädebach, Andreas [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Spieß, Karen [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Kleindienst, Nikolaus [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Schmahl, Christian [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Schulze, Lars [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Enhanced memory for negative social information in borderline personality disorder
• Verf.angabe: Inga Niedtfeld, Frank Renkewitz, Andreas Mädebach, Karen Hillmann, Nikolaus Kleindienst, Christian Schmahl & Lars Schulze
• E-Jahr: 2020
• Jahr: July 2020
• Umfang: 12 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 12.08.2020
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Journal of abnormal psychology
• Ort Quelle: [Washington] : American Psychological Association, 1906
• Jahr Quelle: 2020
• Band/Heft Quelle: 129(2020), 5, Seite 480-491
• ISSN Quelle: 1939-1846
• DOI: doi:10.1037/abn0000540
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Borderline Personality Disorder
• Sach-SW: Cognitive Bias
• Sach-SW: Eye Fixation
• Sach-SW: Human Information Storage
• Sach-SW: Interpersonal Relationships
• Sach-SW: Memory
• Sach-SW: Mental Disorders
• Sach-SW: Negativism
• Sach-SW: Social Cognition
• Sach-SW: Test Construction
• K10plus-PPN: 1726845958

Abstract

Biased social cognition toward an enhanced processing of negative social information might contribute to instability in interpersonal relationships. Such interpersonal dysfunctions are important for the understanding of several mental disorders, among them borderline personality disorder (BPD). To experimentally test enhanced memory retrieval of negative social information, using a newly developed variant of a looking-at-nothing paradigm, 45 BPD patients and 36 healthy women learned positive and negative personality traits of different target persons. In a translational memory test, participants were asked to use the learned information to evaluate statements about the target person. In addition to behavioral measures of memory performance, we investigated eye gaze patterns to decompose memory retrieval processes. We hypothesized that BPD patients would retrieve negative as compared to positive person information more accurately than healthy controls, and show increased eye gaze toward spatial locations where negative information was provided during the learning phase. Results pointed to a more accurate retrieval of negative person attributes in the patient group as compared with healthy controls, thereby corroborating a negativity bias in social cognition in an exemplary sample of patients with interpersonal problems. Interestingly, the observed negativity bias for person memory was associated with BPD severity, stronger expectancies to be rejected by others, and social detachment. No group differences regarding eye fixation behavior were found. We propose that enhanced retrieval of negative person information might be associated with dysfunctional cognitive schemas as well as reduced behavioral trust, and be of relevance for mental disorders characterized by interpersonal difficulties. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved)