Do deficits in the magnocellular priming underlie visual derealization phenomena?

• Verfasst von: Nunez, Daniel [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Oelkers-Ax, Rieke [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Haan, Sanneke de [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Ludwig, Max [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Resch, Franz [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Weisbrod, Matthias [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Fuchs, Thomas [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Do deficits in the magnocellular priming underlie visual derealization phenomena?
• Titelzusatz: preliminary neurophysiological and self-report results in first-episode schizophrenia patients
• Verf.angabe: D. Núñez, R. Oelkers-Ax, S. de Haan, M. Ludwig, H. Sattel, F. Resch, M. Weisbrod, T. Fuchs
• E-Jahr: 2014
• Jahr: 17 September 2014
• Umfang: 9 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 08.09.2020
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Schizophrenia research
• Ort Quelle: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1988
• Jahr Quelle: 2014
• Band/Heft Quelle: 159(2014), 2-3, Seite 441-449
• ISSN Quelle: 1573-2509
• DOI: doi:10.1016/j.schres.2014.08.019
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• K10plus-PPN: 172909791X

Abstract

Background: Early visual impairments probably partially caused by impaired interactions between magnocellular (M) and parvocellular (P) pathways (M priming deficit), and disturbances of basic self-awareness or self-disorders (SDs) are core features of schizophrenia. The relationships between these features have not yet been studied. We hypothesized that the M priming was impaired in first-episode patients and that this deficit was associated with visual aspects of SDs. Aim: To investigate early visual processing in a sample of first-episode schizophrenia patients and to explore the relationships between M and P functioning and visual aspects of SDs addressed by the Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience (EASE) interview. - Method: Nine stimulating conditions were used to investigate M and P pathways and their interaction in a pattern reversal visually evoked potential (VEP) paradigm. N80 at mixed M- and P-conditions was used to investigate magnocellular priming. Generators were analyzed using source localization (Brain Electrical Source Analysis software: BESA). VEPs of nineteen first-episode schizophrenia patients were compared to those of twenty matched healthy controls by a bootstrap resample procedure. Visual aspects of SDs were analyzed through a factor analysis to separate symptom clusters of derealization phenomena. Thereafter, the associations between the main factors and the N80 component were explored using linear mixed models. - Results: Factor analyses separated two EASE factors (“distance to the world”, and “intrusive world”). The N80 component was represented by a single dipole located in the occipital visual cortex. The bootstrap analysis yielded significant amplitude reductions and prolonged latencies in first-episode patients relative to controls in response to mixed M-P conditions, and normal amplitudes and latencies in response to isolated P- and M-biased stimulation. Exploratory analyses showed significant negative correlations between the N80 amplitude values at mixed M-P conditions and the EASE factor “distance to the world”, i.e. relatively higher amplitudes in the patient group were associated with higher subjective perceived derealization (“distance to the world”). - Conclusions: The early VEP component N80 evoked by mixed M-P conditions is assumed to be a correlate of M priming, and showed reduced amplitudes and longer latencies in first-episode patients. It probably reflects a hypoactivation of the M-pathway. The negative association between visual SDs (derealization phenomena characterized by visual experiences of being more distant to the world), and the M priming deficit was counterintuitive. It might indicate a dysregulated activity of the M-pathway in patients with SDs. Further research is needed to better understand this preliminary finding.