Neuromyelitis optica

• Verfasst von: Jarius, Sven [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Wildemann, Brigitte [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Paul, Friedemann [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Neuromyelitis optica
• Titelzusatz: clinical features, immunopathogenesis and treatment
• Verf.angabe: S. Jarius, B. Wildemann and F. Paul
• E-Jahr: 2014
• Jahr: 13 January 2014
• Umfang: 16 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 10.09.2020
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Clinical & experimental immunology
• Ort Quelle: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell, 1966
• Jahr Quelle: 2014
• Band/Heft Quelle: 176(2014), 2, Seite 149-164
• ISSN Quelle: 1365-2249
• DOI: doi:10.1111/cei.12271
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4)
• Sach-SW: Devic syndrome
• Sach-SW: diagnosis
• Sach-SW: neuromyelitis optica
• Sach-SW: NMO-IgG
• Sach-SW: pathogenesis
• Sach-SW: pathophysiology
• Sach-SW: treatment
• K10plus-PPN: 1729865984

Abstract

The term ‘neuromyelitis optica’ (‘Devic's syndrome’, NMO) refers to a syndrome characterized by optic neuritis and myelitis. In recent years, the condition has raised enormous interest among scientists and clinical neurologists, fuelled by the detection of a specific serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G reactivity (NMO-IgG) in up to 80% of patients with NMO. These autoantibodies were later shown to target aquaporin-4 (AQP4), the most abundant water channel in the central nervous system (CNS). Here we give an up-to-date overview of the clinical and paraclinical features, immunopathogenesis and treatment of NMO. We discuss the widening clinical spectrum of AQP4-related autoimmunity, the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and new diagnostic means such as optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of NMO, the role of NMO-IgG, T cells and granulocytes in the pathophysiology of NMO, and outline prospects for new and emerging therapies for this rare, but often devastating condition.