The glyoxalase system

• Verfasst von: Morgenstern, Jakob [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Campos Campos, Marta [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Nawroth, Peter Paul [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Fleming, Thomas [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: The glyoxalase system
• Titelzusatz: new insights into an ancient metabolism
• Verf.angabe: Jakob Morgenstern, Marta Campos Campos, Peter Nawroth and Thomas Fleming
• E-Jahr: 2020
• Jahr: 1 October 2020
• Umfang: 15 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 24.11.2020
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Antioxidants
• Ort Quelle: Basel : MDPI, 2013
• Jahr Quelle: 2020
• Band/Heft Quelle: 9(2020,10) Artikel-Nummer 939, 15 Seiten
• ISSN Quelle: 2076-3921
• DOI: doi:10.3390/antiox9100939
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: glycation
• Sach-SW: Glyoxalase 1
• Sach-SW: methylglyoxal
• K10plus-PPN: 1740792041

Abstract

The glyoxalase system was discovered over a hundred years ago and since then it has been claimed to provide the role of an indispensable enzyme system in order to protect cells from a toxic byproduct of glycolysis. This review gives a broad overview of what has been postulated in the last 30 years of glyoxalase research, but within this context it also challenges the concept that the glyoxalase system is an exclusive tool of detoxification and that its substrate, methylglyoxal, is solely a detrimental burden for every living cell due to its toxicity. An overview of consequences of a complete loss of the glyoxalase system in various model organisms is presented with an emphasis on the role of alternative detoxification pathways of methylglyoxal. Furthermore, this review focuses on the overlooked posttranslational modification of Glyoxalase 1 and its possible implications for cellular maintenance under various (patho-)physiological conditions. As a final note, an intriguing point of view for the substrate methylglyoxal is offered, the concept of methylglyoxal (MG)-mediated hormesis.