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Verfasst von:Mächtle, Bertil [VerfasserIn]   i
 Eitel, Bernhard [VerfasserIn]   i
Titel:Fragile landscapes, fragile civilizations
Titelzusatz:how climate determined societies in the pre-Columbian south Peruvian Andes
Verf.angabe:B. Mächtle, B. Eitel
Jahr:2013
Jahr des Originals:2012
Umfang:12 S.
Fussnoten:Available online 20 February 2012 ; Gesehen am 11.06.2021
Titel Quelle:Enthalten in: Catena
Ort Quelle:New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1973
Jahr Quelle:2013
Band/Heft Quelle:103(2013) vom: Apr., Seite 62-73
ISSN Quelle:0008-7769
 1872-6887
Abstract:This paper presents alternating periods of geo-ecological fragility and stability in a highly sensitive environmental setting: the desert-margin area of southern Peru (14.5° S). There, we have to state that fragility was dominantly triggered by climatic changes, which induced several oscillations of the desert margin. During the mid-Holocene, the study area received the Holocene maximum of precipitation, soil formation occurred and the desert retreated, as loess-paleosoil formation documents. In contrast, the Titicaca region further south-east experienced extreme drought at that time. This regional antagonism between humid and dry conditions was a result of meridional shifts in moisture transport across the Andes and occurred also during pre-Columbian times. Considering a coincidence between environmental and cultural changes, we state that success and decline of civilizations were dominated by hydrological oscillations, triggering fertility as well as a critical loss of natural resources. Fragile periods, i.e. periods of geomorphological activity, occurred contemporaneous with cultural transitions. In response to spatial changing resources cultural foci were shifted. So, the success of pre-Columbian civilizations was closely coupled to areas of geo-ecological favorability, which were directly controlled by distinct regional impacts of large-scale circulation mechanisms, including El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This spatial view on non-uniform environmental and cultural changes has not been thoroughly considered before. Therefore, for the first time this paper offers geomorphological evidence for diachronous Andean (agri-)cultural development, which was geographically determined.
DOI:doi:10.1016/j.catena.2012.01.012
URL:Bitte beachten Sie: Dies ist ein Bibliographieeintrag. Ein Volltextzugriff für Mitglieder der Universität besteht hier nur, falls für die entsprechende Zeitschrift/den entsprechenden Sammelband ein Abonnement besteht oder es sich um einen OpenAccess-Titel handelt.

Volltext ; Verlag: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2012.01.012
 Volltext: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S034181621200015X
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2012.01.012
Datenträger:Online-Ressource
Sprache:eng
Bibliogr. Hinweis:Erscheint auch als : Druck-Ausgabe: Mächtle, Bertil, 1972 - : Fragile landscapes, fragile civilizations. - 2013
Sach-SW:Archeology
 ENSO
 Holocene
 ITCZ
 Loess
 Paleosoil
K10plus-PPN:1760338621
Verknüpfungen:→ Zeitschrift

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