Comparative analysis of six IRF family members in alveolar epithelial cell-intrinsic antiviral responses

• Verfasst von: Wüst, Sandra [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Schad, Paulina [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Burkart, Sandy [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Binder, Marco [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Comparative analysis of six IRF family members in alveolar epithelial cell-intrinsic antiviral responses
• Verf.angabe: Sandra Wüst, Paulina Schad, Sandy Burkart and Marco Binder
• E-Jahr: 2021
• Jahr: 30 September 2021
• Umfang: 26 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 06.12.2021
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Cells
• Ort Quelle: Basel : MDPI, 2012
• Jahr Quelle: 2021
• Band/Heft Quelle: 10(2021), 10, Artikel-ID 2600, Seite 1-26
• ISSN Quelle: 2073-4409
• DOI: doi:10.3390/cells10102600
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: antiviral response
• Sach-SW: cytokines
• Sach-SW: innate immunity
• Sach-SW: interferon
• Sach-SW: IRFs
• Sach-SW: pattern recognition receptors
• Sach-SW: PRR signaling
• Sach-SW: RIG-I-like receptors
• Sach-SW: RLR signaling
• Sach-SW: transcription factors
• K10plus-PPN: 1780386060

Abstract

Host cell-intrinsic antiviral responses are largely mediated by pattern-recognition receptor (PRR) signaling and the interferon (IFN) system. The IFN regulatory factor (IRF) family of transcription factors takes up a central role in transcriptional regulation of antiviral innate immunity. IRF3 and IRF7 are known to be key players downstream of PRRs mediating the induction of type I and III IFNs. IFN signaling then requires IRF9 for the expression of the full array of interferon stimulated genes (ISGs) ultimately defining the antiviral state of the cell. Other members of the IRF family clearly play a role in mediating or modulating IFN responses, such as IRF1, IRF2 or IRF5, however their relative contribution to mounting a functional antiviral response is much less understood. In this study, we systematically and comparatively assessed the impact of six members of the IRF family on antiviral signaling in alveolar epithelial cells. We generated functional knockouts of IRF1, -2, -3, -5, -7, and -9 in A549 cells, and measured their impact on the expression of IFNs and further cytokines, ISGs and other IRFs, as well as on viral replication. Our results confirmed the vital importance of IRF3 and IRF9 in establishing an antiviral state, whereas IRF1, 5 and 7 were largely dispensable. The previously described inhibitory activity of IRF2 could not be observed in our experimental system.