Restrictions to HIV-1 replication in resting CD4+ T lymphocytes

• Verfasst von: Pan, Xiaoyu [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Baldauf, Hanna-Mari [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Keppler, Oliver Till [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Fackler, Oliver Till [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Restrictions to HIV-1 replication in resting CD4+ T lymphocytes
• Verf.angabe: Xiaoyu Pan, Hanna-Mari Baldauf, Oliver T. Keppler, Oliver T. Fackler
• E-Jahr: 2013
• Jahr: 4 June 2013
• Umfang: 10 S.
• Fussnoten: Im Titel ist das "+"-Zeichen hochgestellt ; Gesehen am 16.12.2021
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Cell research
• Ort Quelle: [London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature, 1990
• Jahr Quelle: 2013
• Band/Heft Quelle: 23(2013), 7, Seite 876-885
• ISSN Quelle: 1748-7838
• DOI: doi:10.1038/cr.2013.74
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: CD4-positive T cells
• Sach-SW: HIV infections
• Sach-SW: Innate immunity
• K10plus-PPN: 1782360573

Abstract

CD4+ T lymphocytes represent the main target cell population of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In an activated state, CD4+ T cells residing in lymphoid organs are a major reservoir of ongoing HIV-1 replication in infected individuals. In contrast, resting CD4+ T cells are highly resistant to productive HIV-1 infection, yet are massively depleted during disease progression and represent a substantial latent reservoir for the virus in vivo. Barriers preventing replication of HIV-1 in resting CD4+ T cells include a rigid layer of cortical actin and, early after HIV-1 entry, a block that limits reverse transcription of incoming viral RNA genomes. Defining the molecular bases of these restrictions has remained one of the central open questions in HIV research. Recent advances unraveled mechanisms by which HIV-1 bypasses the entry block and established the host cell restriction factor SAMHD1, a deoxynucleoside triphosphate triphosphohydrolase, as a central determinant of the cellular restriction to HIV-1 reverse transcription in resting CD4+ T cells. This review summarizes our current molecular and pathophysiological understanding of the multi-faceted interactions of HIV-1 with resting CD4+ T lymphocytes.