Condensation and thermalization of an easy-plane ferromagnet in a spinor Bose gas

• Verfasst von: Prüfer, Maximilian [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Spitz, Daniel [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Lannig, Stefan [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Strobel, Helmut [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Berges, Jürgen [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Oberthaler, Markus K. [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Condensation and thermalization of an easy-plane ferromagnet in a spinor Bose gas
• Verf.angabe: Maximilian Prüfer, Daniel Spitz, Stefan Lannig, Helmut Strobel, Jürgen Berges, and Markus K. Oberthaler
• E-Jahr: 2022
• Jahr: 12 May 2022
• Umfang: 18 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 20.09.2022
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: De.arxiv.org
• Ort Quelle: [S.l.] : Arxiv.org, 1991
• Jahr Quelle: 2022
• Band/Heft Quelle: (2022), Artikel-ID 2205.06188, Seite 1-18
• DOI: doi:10.48550/arXiv.2205.06188
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Condensed Matter - Quantum Gases
• Sach-SW: Quantum Physics
• K10plus-PPN: 1808029976

Abstract

The extensive control of spin makes spintronics a promising candidate for future scalable quantum devices. For the generation of spin-superfluid systems, a detailed understanding of the build-up of coherence and relaxation is necessary. However, to determine the relevant parameters for robust coherence properties and faithfully witnessing thermalization, the direct access to space- and time-resolved spin observables is needed. Here, we study the thermalization of an easy-plane ferromagnet employing a homogeneous one-dimensional spinor Bose gas. Building on the pristine control of preparation and readout we demonstrate the dynamic emergence of long-range coherence for the spin field and verify spin-superfluidity by experimentally testing Landau's criterion. We reveal the structure of the emergent quasi-particles: one 'massive'(Higgs) mode, and two 'massless' (Goldstone) modes - a consequence of explicit and spontaneous symmetry breaking, respectively. Our experiments allow for the first time to observe the thermalization of an easy-plane ferromagnetic Bose gas; we find agreement for the relevant momentum-resolved observables with a thermal prediction obtained from an underlying microscopic model within the Bogoliubov approximation. Our methods and results pave the way towards a quantitative understanding of condensation dynamics in large magnetic spin systems and the study of the role of entanglement and topological excitations for its thermalization.