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Verfasst von:Macheroux, Peter [VerfasserIn]   i
 Kappes, Barbara [VerfasserIn]   i
 Ealick, Steven E. [VerfasserIn]   i
Titel:Flavogenomics
Titelzusatz:a genomic and structural view of flavin-dependent proteins
Verf.angabe:Peter Macheroux, Barbara Kappes and Steven E. Ealick
Jahr:2011
Umfang:10 S.
Fussnoten:Gesehen am 22.11.2022
Titel Quelle:Enthalten in: Vereinigung der Europäischen Biochemischen GesellschaftenThe FEBS journal
Ort Quelle:Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell, 2005
Jahr Quelle:2011
Band/Heft Quelle:278(2011), 15, Seite 2625-2634
ISSN Quelle:1742-4658
Abstract:Riboflavin (vitamin B2) serves as the precursor for FMN and FAD in almost all organisms that utilize the redox-active isoalloxazine ring system as a coenzyme in enzymatic reactions. The role of flavin, however, is not limited to redox processes, as ∼ 10% of flavin-dependent enzymes catalyze nonredox reactions. Moreover, the flavin cofactor is also widely used as a signaling and sensing molecule in biological processes such as phototropism and nitrogen fixation. Here, we present a study of 374 flavin-dependent proteins analyzed with regard to their function, structure and distribution among 22 archaeal, eubacterial, protozoan and eukaryotic genomes. More than 90% of flavin-dependent enzymes are oxidoreductases, and the remaining enzymes are classified as transferases (4.3%), lyases (2.9%), isomerases (1.4%) and ligases (0.4%). The majority of enzymes utilize FAD (75%) rather than FMN (25%), and bind the cofactor noncovalently (90%). High-resolution structures are available for about half of the flavoproteins. FAD-containing proteins predominantly bind the cofactor in a Rossmann fold (∼ 50%), whereas FMN-containing proteins preferably adopt a (βα)8-(TIM)-barrel-like or flavodoxin-like fold. The number of genes encoding flavin-dependent proteins varies greatly in the genomes analyzed, and covers a range from ∼ 0.1% to 3.5% of the predicted genes. It appears that some species depend heavily on flavin-dependent oxidoreductases for degradation or biosynthesis, whereas others have minimized their flavoprotein arsenal. An understanding of ‘flavin-intensive’ lifestyles, such as in the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, may result in valuable new intervention strategies that target either riboflavin biosynthesis or uptake.
DOI:doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08202.x
URL:Bitte beachten Sie: Dies ist ein Bibliographieeintrag. Ein Volltextzugriff für Mitglieder der Universität besteht hier nur, falls für die entsprechende Zeitschrift/den entsprechenden Sammelband ein Abonnement besteht oder es sich um einen OpenAccess-Titel handelt.

Volltext ; Verlag: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08202.x
 Volltext: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08202.x
 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1742-4658.2011.08202.x
Datenträger:Online-Ressource
Sprache:eng
Sach-SW:enzymes
 flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD)
 flavin mononucleotide (FMN)
 genomic distribution
 oxidoreductases
 redundancy
 structures
K10plus-PPN:1823203523
Verknüpfungen:→ Zeitschrift

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