| Verf.angabe: | Lucy Albertella, Rebecca Kirkham, Amy B. Adler, John Crampton, Sean P.A. Drummond, Gerard J. Fogarty, James J. Gross, Leonard Zaichkowsky, Judith P. Andersen, Paul T. Bartone, Danny Boga, Jeffrey W. Bond, Tad T. Brunyé, Mark J. Campbell, Liliana G. Ciobanu, Scott R. Clark, Monique F. Crane, Arne Dietrich, Tracy J. Doty, James E. Driskell, Ivar Fahsing, Stephen M. Fiore, Rhona Flin, Joachim Funke, Justine M. Gatt, P. A. Hancock, Craig Harper, Andrew Heathcote, Kristin J. Heatown, Werner F. Helsen, Erika K. Hussey, Robin C. Jackson, Sangeet Khemlani, William D.S. Killgore, Sabina Kleitman, Andrew M. Lane, Shayne Loft, Clare MacMahon, Samuele M. Marcora, Frank P. McKenna, Carla Meijen, Vanessa Moulton, Gene M. Moyle, Eugene Nalivaiko, Donna O'Connor, Dorothea O’Conor, Debra Patton, Mark D. Piccolo, Coleman Ruiz, Linda Schücker, Ron A. Smith, Sarah J. R. Smith, Chava Sobrino, Melba Stetz, Damien Stewart, Paul Taylor, Andrew J. Tucker, Haike van Stralen, Joan N. Vickers, Troy A.W Visser, Rohan Walker, Mark W. Wiggins, Andrew Mark Williams, Leonard Wong, Eugene Aidman, and Murat Yücel |
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| Abstract: | IntroductionThe ability to perform optimally under pressure is critical across many occupations, including the military, first responders, and competitive sport. Despite recognition that such performance depends on a range of cognitive factors, how common these factors are across performance domains remains unclear. The current study sought to integrate existing knowledge in the performance field in the form of a transdisciplinary expert consensus on the cognitive mechanisms that underlie performance under pressure.MethodsInternational experts were recruited from four performance domains [(i) Defense; (ii) Competitive Sport; (iii) Civilian High-stakes; and (iv) Performance Neuroscience]. Experts rated constructs from the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework (and several expert-suggested constructs) across successive rounds, until all constructs reached consensus for inclusion or were eliminated. Finally, included constructs were ranked for their relative importance.ResultsSixty-eight experts completed the first Delphi round, with 94% of experts retained by the end of the Delphi process. The following 10 constructs reached consensus across all four panels (in order of overall ranking): (1) Attention; (2) Cognitive Control—Performance Monitoring; (3) Arousal and Regulatory Systems—Arousal; (4) Cognitive Control—Goal Selection, Updating, Representation, and Maintenance; (5) Cognitive Control—Response Selection and Inhibition/Suppression; (6) Working memory—Flexible Updating; (7) Working memory—Active Maintenance; (8) Perception and Understanding of Self—Self-knowledge; (9) Working memory—Interference Control, and (10) Expert-suggested—Shifting.DiscussionOur results identify a set of transdisciplinary neuroscience-informed constructs, validated through expert consensus. This expert consensus is critical to standardizing cognitive assessment and informing mechanism-targeted interventions in the broader field of human performance optimization. |
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