Angiodiversity and organotypic functions of sinusoidal endothelial cells

• Verfasst von: Reiners-Koch, Philipp-Sebastian [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Lee, Ki Hong [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Goerdt, Sergij [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Augustin, Hellmut [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Angiodiversity and organotypic functions of sinusoidal endothelial cells
• Verf.angabe: Philipp-Sebastian Koch, Ki Hong Lee, Sergij Goerdt, Hellmut G. Augustin
• E-Jahr: 2021
• Jahr: 21 March 2021
• Umfang: 22 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 21.08.2023
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Angiogenesis
• Ort Quelle: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V, 1997
• Jahr Quelle: 2021
• Band/Heft Quelle: 24(2021), 2, Seite 289-310
• ISSN Quelle: 1573-7209
• DOI: doi:10.1007/s10456-021-09780-y
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• K10plus-PPN: 1856781623
• K10plus-PPN:
  Universitätsbibliothek
• Lokale URL UB: Zum Volltext

Abstract

Angiodiversity’ refers to the structural and functional heterogeneity of endothelial cells (EC) along the segments of the vascular tree and especially within the microvascular beds of different organs. Organotypically differentiated EC ranging from continuous, barrier-forming endothelium to discontinuous, fenestrated endothelium perform organ-specific functions such as the maintenance of the tightly sealed blood-brain barrier or the clearance of macromolecular waste products from the peripheral blood by liver EC-expressed scavenger receptors. The microvascular bed of the liver, composed of discontinuous, fenestrated liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC), is a prime example of organ-specific angiodiversity. Anatomy and development of LSEC have been extensively studied by electron microscopy as well as linage-tracing experiments. Recent advances in cell isolation and bulk transcriptomics or single-cell RNA sequencing techniques allowed the identification of distinct LSEC molecular programs and have led to the identification of LSEC subpopulations. LSEC execute homeostatic functions such as fine tuning the vascular tone, clearing noxious substances from the circulation, and modulating immunoregulatory mechanisms. In recent years, the identification and functional analysis of LSEC-derived angiocrine signals, which control liver homeostasis and disease pathogenesis in an instructive manner, marks a major change of paradigm in the understanding of liver function in health and disease. This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of liver vascular angiodiversity and the functional consequences resulting thereof.