Reduced anterior callosal white matter in risk for psychosis associated with processing speed as a fundamental cognitive impairment

• Verfasst von: Klaassen, Arndt-Lukas [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Michel, Chantal [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Stüble, Miriam [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Kaess, Michael [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Morishima, Yosuke [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Kindler, Jochen [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Reduced anterior callosal white matter in risk for psychosis associated with processing speed as a fundamental cognitive impairment
• Verf.angabe: Arndt-Lukas Klaassen, Chantal Michel, Miriam Stüble, Michael Kaess, Yosuke Morishima, Jochen Kindler
• E-Jahr: 2024
• Jahr: February 2024
• Umfang: 9 S.
• Fussnoten: Available online 28 December 2023 ; Gesehen am 29.04.2024
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Schizophrenia research
• Ort Quelle: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1988
• Jahr Quelle: 2024
• Band/Heft Quelle: 264(2024) vom: Feb., Seite 211-219
• ISSN Quelle: 1573-2509
• DOI: doi:10.1016/j.schres.2023.12.026
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Clinical high risk
• Sach-SW: Cognition
• Sach-SW: corpus callosum
• Sach-SW: Diffusion weighted imaging
• Sach-SW: Fractional anisotropy
• Sach-SW: Processing speed
• K10plus-PPN: 1887378022

Abstract

Background - Previous research in psychotic disorders discovered associations between reduced integrity of white matter (WM) in the corpus callosum (CC) and impaired cognitive functions, suggesting processing speed as a central construct. However, it is still largely unexplored to what extent disruption in callosal WM is related to cognitive deficits during the risk stage prior to psychosis. - Methods - To address this gap, we measured the WM integrity in CC by fractional anisotropy (FA) and assessed cognition in 60 clinical-high risk for psychosis (CHR) patients during adolescence/young adulthood and 38 healthy control (HC) subjects. We employed tract based spatial statistics to examine group differences and associations between CC-FA and processing speed, executive function, and spatial working memory. - Results - We revealed deficits in processing speed, executive function, and spatial working memory of CHR patients, and reductions in FA of the genu and the body of the CC (p < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons) compared to HC. A mediation analysis using the combined sample (CHR + HC) showed that processing speed mediates the associations between the impaired CC structure and executive function and spatial working memory, respectively. Exploratory analyses between CC-FA and the cognitive domains located associations of processing speed in the genu and the body of CC with distinct spatial distributions of executive function and spatial working memory. - Conclusion - We suggest processing speed as a subordinate cognitive factor contributing to the associations between callosal WM, executive function and working memory. These results extend findings in psychotic disorders to the prior risk stage.