Treatment of chronic COVID-19 with convalescent/postvaccination plasma in patients with hematologic malignancies

• Verfasst von: Janssen, Maike [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Leo, Albrecht [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Wolf, Cornelia [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Stenzinger, Miriam [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Bartenschlager, Marie [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Brandt, Juliane [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Sauer, Sandra [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Schmitt, Michael [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Dreger, Peter [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Schlenk, Richard Friedrich [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Denkinger, Claudia M. [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Müller-Tidow, Carsten [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Treatment of chronic COVID-19 with convalescent/postvaccination plasma in patients with hematologic malignancies
• Verf.angabe: Maike Janssen, Albrecht Leo, Cornelia Wolf, Miriam Stenzinger, Marie Bartenschlager, Juliane Brandt, Sandra Sauer, Michael Schmitt, Peter Dreger, Richard F. Schlenk, Claudia M. Denkinger, Carsten Müller-Tidow
• E-Jahr: 2024
• Jahr: 9 May 2024
• Umfang: 9 S.
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 18.03.2025
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: International journal of cancer
• Ort Quelle: Bognor Regis : Wiley-Liss, 1966
• Jahr Quelle: 2024
• Band/Heft Quelle: 155(2024), 4 vom: Aug., Seite 618-626
• ISSN Quelle: 1097-0215
• DOI: doi:10.1002/ijc.34988
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Adult
• Sach-SW: Aged
• Sach-SW: Antibodies, Viral
• Sach-SW: Chronic Disease
• Sach-SW: COVID-19
• Sach-SW: COVID-19 Serotherapy
• Sach-SW: COVID-19 Vaccines
• Sach-SW: COVID‐19
• Sach-SW: Female
• Sach-SW: Hematologic Neoplasms
• Sach-SW: Humans
• Sach-SW: Immunization, Passive
• Sach-SW: Immunocompromised Host
• Sach-SW: Male
• Sach-SW: Middle Aged
• Sach-SW: prolonged SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
• Sach-SW: SARS-CoV-2
• Sach-SW: SARS‐CoV‐2‐antibody containing plasma
• Sach-SW: Treatment Outcome
• K10plus-PPN: 1920008802

Abstract

Immunocompromised patients are at high risk to fail clearance of SARS-CoV-2. Prolonged COVID-19 constitutes a health risk and a management problem as cancer treatments often have to be disrupted. As SARS-CoV-2 evolves, new variants of concern have emerged that evade available monoclonal antibodies. Moreover, antiviral therapy promotes SARS-CoV-2 escape mutations, particularly in immunocompromised patients. These patients frequently suffer from prolonged infection. No successful treatment has been established for persistent COVID-19 infection. Here, we report on a series of 21 immunocompromised patients with COVID-19-most of them hematologic malignancies-treated with plasma obtained from recently convalescent or vaccinated donors or a combination thereof. Repeated dosing of SARS-CoV-2-antibody-containing plasma could clear SARS-CoV-2 infection in 16 out of 21 immunocompromised patients even if COVID-19-specific treatments failed to induce sustained viral clearance or to improve clinical course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Ten patients were major responders defined as an increase delta(d)Ct of > = 5 after the first administration of convalescent and/or vaccinated plasma (C/VP). On average, SARS-CoV-2 PCR Ct values increased from a median value of 22.55 (IQR = 19.10-24.25) to a median value of 29.57 (IQR = 27.55-34.63; p = <.0001) in the major response subgroup. Furthermore, when treated a second time with C/VP, even 4 out of 5 of the initial nonresponders showed an increase in Ct-values from a median value of 23.13 (IQR = 17.75-28.05) to a median value of 32.79 (IQR = 31.75-33.75; p = .013). Our results suggest that C/VP could be a feasible treatment of COVID-19 infection in patients with hematologic malignancies who did not respond to antiviral treatment.