Indirect effectiveness of a novel SARS-COV-2 vaccine (SCB-2019) in unvaccinated household contacts in the Philippines

• Verfasst von: Aziz, Asma Binte [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Sugimoto, Jonathan Dewing [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Hong, Sye Lim [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: You, Young Ae [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Bravo, Lulu [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Roa, Camilo [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Borja-Tabora, Charissa [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Montellano, May Emmeline B. [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Carlos, Josefina [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Los Reyes, Mari Rose A. de [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Alberto, Edison R. [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Salvani-Bautista, Milagros [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Kim, Hwa Young [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Njau, Irene [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Clemens, Ralf [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Marks, Florian [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Tadesse, Birkneh Tilahun [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: Indirect effectiveness of a novel SARS-COV-2 vaccine (SCB-2019) in unvaccinated household contacts in the Philippines
• Titelzusatz: a cluster randomised analysis
• Verf.angabe: Asma Binte Aziz, Jonathan Dewing Sugimoto, Sye Lim Hong, Young Ae You, Lulu Bravo, Camilo Roa, Charissa Borja-Tabora, May Emmeline B. Montellano, Josefina Carlos, Mari Rose A. de Los Reyes, Edison R. Alberto, Milagros Salvani-Bautista, Hwa Young Kim, Irene Njau, Ralf Clemens, Florian Marks, Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse
• E-Jahr: 2024
• Jahr: October 2024
• Umfang: 12 S.
• Illustrationen: Diagramme
• Fussnoten: Gesehen am 23.04.2025
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Journal of infection
• Ort Quelle: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1979
• Jahr Quelle: 2024
• Band/Heft Quelle: 89(2024), 4, Artikel-ID 106260, Seite [1]-12
• ISSN Quelle: 1532-2742
• DOI: doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106260
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Household contacts
• Sach-SW: Indirect effectiveness
• Sach-SW: SCB-2019, SARS-CoV-2 vaccine
• K10plus-PPN: 1923460692

Abstract

Background - Though observational evidence supports indirect effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, randomised experiments are lacking. To address this gap, the double-blinded, prospective follow-up of the household contacts (HHCs) of Philippine participants of the individually-randomised, placebo-controlled trial of the adjuvanted-subunit protein COVID-19 vaccine, SCB-2019, (EudraCT, 2020-004272-17; ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04672395) was analyzed in a cluster-randomised fashion. - Methods - Over an eight-week period, HHCs were followed by rRT-PCR and paired rapid antibody tests (RATs) to detect symptomatic (SCI, primary) and all (ACI, secondary) SARS-CoV-2 infection. A standard analysis estimated the indirect effectiveness of SCB-2019 for each endpoint, excluding HHC RAT-positive at enrollment. A secondary analysis employed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results to correct for suspected bias. - Findings - SCB-2019 (N = 3470) and placebo (N = 3225) exposed HHCs contributed to at least one analysis. The standard analysis estimated that SCB-2019 reduced the risk of SCI by 83% (95% confidence/credible interval [CI: 32% to 96%), with no effect against ACI. The bias-corrected relative risk reduction was 97% (95% CI: 74% to 100%) for SCI and 79% (95% CI: 14% to 96%) for ACI, with an estimated one SARS-CoV-2 infection prevented per 4.8 households where one member received SCB-2019. - Interpretation - SCB-2019 demonstrated bias-corrected indirect effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 infection among HHC, even at a modest coverage level in the household (approximately 25%). Further research into the indirect effects of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is needed to optimize the impact of limited doses in low and middle-income settings.