T-cell proliferation assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells

• Verfasst von: Chu, Chang [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Schönbrunn, Anne [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Elitok, Saban [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Kern, Florian [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Schnatbaum, Karsten [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Wenschuh, Holger [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Klemm, Kristin [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: von Baehr, Volker [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Krämer, Bernhard [VerfasserIn]
• Verfasst von: Hocher, Berthold [VerfasserIn]
• Titel: T-cell proliferation assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells
• Verf.angabe: Chang Chu, Anne Schönbrunn, Saban Elitok, Florian Kern, Karsten Schnatbaum, Holger Wenschuh, Kristin Klemm, Volker von Baehr, Bernhard K. Krämer, Berthold Hocher
• E-Jahr: 2022
• Jahr: 1 July 2022
• Umfang: 7 S.
• Illustrationen: Illustrationen
• Fussnoten: Online verfügbar: 8 June 2022, Artikelversion: 9 June 2022 ; Gesehen am 21.11.2023
• Titel Quelle: Enthalten in: Clinica chimica acta
• Ort Quelle: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1956
• Jahr Quelle: 2022
• Band/Heft Quelle: 532(2022) vom: Juli, Seite 130-136
• ISSN Quelle: 1873-3492
• DOI: doi:10.1016/j.cca.2022.05.025
• Datenträger: Online-Ressource
• Sprache: eng
• Sach-SW: Humoral and cellular immune responses
• Sach-SW: Lymphocyte transformation test
• Sach-SW: SARS-CoV-2
• Sach-SW: T-cell response
• K10plus-PPN: 1870711785

Abstract

Both infection with and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 trigger a complex B-cell and T-cell response. Methods for the analysis of the B-cell response are now well established. However, reliable methods for measuring the T-cell response are less well established and their usefulness in clinical settings still needs to be proven. Here, we have developed and validated a T-cell proliferation assay based on 3H thymidine incorporation. The assay is using SARS-CoV-2 derived peptide pools that cover the spike (S), the nucleocapsid (N) and the membrane (M) protein for stimulation. We have compared this novel SARS-CoV-2 lymphocyte transformation test (SARS-CoV-2 LTT) to an established ELISA assay detecting Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to the S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The study was carried out using blood samples from both vaccinated and infected health care workers as well as from a non-infected control group. Our novel SARS-CoV-2 LTT shows excellent discrimination of infected and/or vaccinated individuals versus unexposed controls, with the ROC analysis showing an area under the curve (AUC) of > 0.95. No false positives were recorded as all unexposed controls had a negative LTT result. When using peptide pools not only representing the S protein (found in all currently approved vaccines) but also the N and M proteins (not contained in the vast majority of vaccines), the novel SARS-CoV-2 LTT can also discriminate T-cell responses resulting from vaccination against those induced by infection.